University of Illinois Alumni

University of Illinois Alumni

Image Credit:
William Walter Smith (University of Illinois Archives)

Since 1900, when William Walter Smith became the first African American to graduate from the University of Illinois, many African Americans who attended the University have gone on to become important leaders, innovators, artists, and thinkers. This page features some notable University alumni. Please check back periodically as we continue to include more information.

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This trail stop is sponsored by:

Decade:

1900-1909

People:

  • Beverly Lorraine Greene
  • Maudelle Tanner Brown Bousfield
  • St. Elmo Brady
  • Walter T. Bailey

Location(s):

  • University of Illinois, Illinois
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Walter Thomas Bailey was born in 1882 to Emanuel and Lucy Reynolds Bailey in Kewanee, Illinois. He entered the University of Illinois in 1900 and graduated in 1904, becoming the first African American with a bachelor of science degree in architectural engineering from the university and the first licensed Black architect in Illinois. After graduating, he married Josephine McCurdy on October 15, 1904. They would have two daughters, Edith Hazel and Alberta Josephine.

In 1905, Bailey was noted for assisting with the design of Colonel Wolfe School, which was built in the Prairie Style. The building is currently located at 403 E. Healey St. in Champaign. From Champaign, Bailey relocated to Booker T. Washington’s Tuskegee Institute where he headed up the Mechanical Industries Department while supervising the planning and architectural design of the Tuskegee Institute’s campus. In 1910, he was recognized by the University of Illinois with an honorary master’s degree in architecture.

Bailey eventually opened his own architectural office and practiced in both Memphis, TN, and Chicago, IL.  In 1922, he was commissioned by the Knights of Pythias to design the eight-story National Pythian Temple in the heart of the south side of Chicago, though the building was demolished in 1980. His last major project, in 1939, was to design the Black-led First Church of Deliverance in Chicago located at 4315 S. Wabash Avenue in Chicago. The church is noted for its sleek streamline Art Moderne design with a lack of ornamentation. A design style developed out of Art Deco, it is a unique departure from the design of most other houses of worship. (Note that the double towers were added later after his death.) In 1994, the city of Chicago gave the church “Chicago Landmark” status because of its architectural and cultural significance.

Bailey died on February 21, 1941. However, his legacy and impact remain visible in the buildings he helped design and inspire across the nation.

Sources:

Preservation and Conservation Association: http://pacacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Summer-2018.pdf

University of Illinois: https://faa.illinois.edu/walter-t-bailey

Walter Thomas Bailey: Champaign-Urbana, Local Wiki; website: https://localwiki.org/cu/Walter_Thomas_Bailey

Maudelle Tanner Brown Bousfield was born on June 1, 1885 to educators Charles H. Brown and Arrena Isabella Brown. Her intelligence and talent were evident from a young age. As a teenager, she became the first African American student to attend the Charles Kunkel Conservatory of Music in St. Louis. Then in 1903 she became the first African American woman to enroll at the University of Illinois. As a student, she excelled academically and helped pay for her education by tutoring other students in mathematics and playing piano at sorority dances. In only three years, she graduated from the university with honors, earning degrees in astronomy and mathematics.

Bousfield taught mathematics after college, and eventually became the first African American Dean of Girls in the Chicago Public School system in 1920. Over the next three decades, she enjoyed tremendous professional success. She passed the principal’s examination in Chicago with high marks, became the first Black principal in Chicago at Keith Elementary School, served as principal of Douglas Elementary School, became the first Black principal of a Chicago high school at Wendell Phillips High School, served as the national president of the Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, Inc., and received a master’s degree in education from the University of Chicago. Meanwhile, she published academic articles advocating for African American students and served on numerous boards and committees, including as an examiner on the Chicago Board of Education. She served at Wendell Phillips with great distinction until her retirement in 1950.

She received widespread recognition and numerous awards throughout her life and after her death in 1971. In 1965, she became an honorary member of the Phi Beta Kappa honor society at the University of Illinois, and in 2013 the university opened a new residence hall named in her honor. She is remembered today as an outstanding talent, fierce advocate, and groundbreaking pioneer whose work touched countless lives.

Sources:

University of Illinois. “Maudelle Brown Bousfield.” https://gec150.web.illinois.edu/1900s/maudelle-brown-bousfield/

University of Illinois. “The Courage to Be First.” https://storied.illinois.edu/the-courage-to-be-first/#!

Image Credits:

  • Maudelle Tanner Brown Bousfield, 1907 Illio (yearbook), no. 13, pp. 49 (University Illinois Urbana Champaign Library, Urbana, IL)
  • Bousfield Hall (University Housing at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign)

Dr. St. Elmo Brady was born on December 22, 1884, in Louisville, Kentucky. He later received a scholarship to attend the University of Illinois to further his education under the tutelage of Professor George Beal. Over the course of his graduate studies, he published three scholarly articles. He received his master’s degree in chemistry in 1914 and his Ph.D. in 1916 from the University of Illinois. He became the first African American to obtain a Ph.D. in chemistry in the United States. His Ph.D. research was conducted at Noyes Laboratory (505 S. Matthews Avenue, Urbana).

After receiving his bachelor’s degree from Fisk University in 1908, Dr. Brady began teaching at the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute (now Tuskegee University). He was greatly influenced by Thomas W. Talley, a forerunner in the teaching of science. Throughout his career, Brady went on to teach at several universities, including Tuskegee Institute, Howard University, and Fisk University. At Fisk University, he developed the first chemistry graduate program in a historically Black college.

On February 5, 2019, the American Chemical Society installed a National Historic Chemical Landmark plaque at Noyes Laboratory to honor Dr. St. Elmo Brady’s life and work.

To learn more about St. Elmo Brady, watch the video below from the University of Illinois, or visit the University of Illinois’ Department of Chemistry website (https://chemistry.illinois.edu/spotlight/alumni/brady-st-elmo-1884-1966) and the American Chemical Society’s website (https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/st-elmo-brady.html).

Image Credits:

  • Undated Portrait of St. Elmo Brady (University of Illinois Archives)
  • St. Elmo Brady in a chemistry lab, possibly at Fisk University, ca. 1950 (University of Illinois Archives)

Beverly Lorraine Greene was born in 1915 to James A. and Vara Green in Chicago, IL. She became the first African American woman to receive a bachelor of science degree in architectural engineering from the University of Illinois in 1936. While an undergraduate, she became the only African American and only woman member of the student chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers. She was a member of Delta Sigma Theta Sorority and the Cenacle, a Black literature and drama society on campus. In 1937, she received a master’s degree from the university in city planning and housing. Throughout her career, Greene was an advocate of African American female professionals.

After graduation, Greene worked for the Chicago Housing Authority as one of the first African Americans in the agency. She received her Illinois architect’s license in 1941, and is  believed to be the first licensed Black female architect in the United States.

Greene moved to New York City to work on the Stuyvesant Town housing project in lower Manhattan. Though it was announced that African Americans would not be allowed to live there, Greene was hired for the project as architect.  She earned another master’s degree in architecture from Columbia University in 1945. Afterward, Greene collaborated with various noted architectural firms. Among her accomplishments was hospital design, assisting with the design of the theatre at the University of Arkansas in 1949-1951, and an arts complex at Sarah Lawrence College, Bronxville, NY, in 1952. In 1953, she also worked on alterations to the Carson, Pirie, Scott and Co. Department Store in Chicago, and she designed the Unity Funeral Home in Harlem where the two-day wake for Malcolm X was held in 1965 with more than 30,000 people attending. She also worked with architect Marcel Breuer on the UNESCO United Nations headquarters in Paris before its completion in 1958.

Greene was working on designs for New York University campus buildings at University Heights when she died on August 22, 1957 at the age of 41. Her funeral was held at the Unity Funeral Home she helped design.

“Beverly Lorraine Greene,” by Roberta Washington, Pioneering Women of American Architecture; website:  https://pioneeringwomen.bwaf.org/beverly-lorraine-greene/

Optima Forever Modern. “Women in Architecture: Beverly Lorraine Greene.” https://www.optima.inc/women-in-architecture-beverly-loraine-greene/

University of Illinois Distributed Museum. “Beverly Lorraine Greene.” https://distributedmuseum.illinois.edu/exhibit/beverly-loraine-greene/

Wikipedia. “Beverly Lorraine Greene.” https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beverly_Lorraine_Greene

Additional University of Illinois Trail Sites

Education

The Bruce D. Nesbitt African American Cultural Center

In the fall of 1969, the University of Illinois’ Afro-American Cultural Program opened on campus to provide a safe space for Black students to gather and grow, to help Black students feel proud and welcome, and to educate the campus community about the accomplishments and contributions of African Americans. The Program was created in response to the Project 500 protest in September 1968, in which Black students demonstrated against inequitable treatment by the University. In 2004, the University rededicated the space as the Bruce D. Nesbitt African American Cultural Center, named after a former director of the center.

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Community

Education

The Presence of the “Divine 9” at the University of Illinois

The first Black Greek letter organizations began in the early 1900s when African American students were excluded from dormitories (as was the case at the University of Illinois), study groups and social organizations at predominantly white institutions. Often ostracized, Black students began to organize themselves for mutual academic and social support. As these organizations evolved, they developed the values of scholarship, friendship, service, leadership, and philanthropy. Today, all nine historically Black sororities and fraternities have chapters, commonly known as the “Divine 9,” on the University of Illinois’ campus. Two of the earliest Black Greek organizations, Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity and Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority, were the first such organizations on the University’s campus to provide housing for their chapter members. The first residence for Alpha Kappa Alpha (Gamma House) was located at 1201 W. Stoughton in Urbana and the first home for Kappa Alpha Psi was at 707 S. Third Street, in Champaign.

The young women pictured on the steps in 1915 are members of the Gamma Chapter of Alpha Kappa Alpha Sorority which was established at the University in 1914.

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Education

Military

Sports & Recreation

William Frank Earnest

The historic colonnades that grace the University of Illinois’ Memorial Stadium, dedicated in 1924, bear the names of Illinois students who died in World War I. One of those students was William Frank Earnest, the first African American from Champaign County to die in the war.

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Civil Rights, Social Justice, & Politics

Education

Student Demonstrations for Equal Rights

Despite increasing numbers of African Americans matriculating into the University of Illinois in the 1930s and 1940s, discrimination was rampant on campus and in Campustown. Black students were prohibited from eating in dining halls and local eateries, forcing many students to walk 30 minutes each way for meals in the North End, Champaign-Urbana’s African American neighborhood.

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Civil Rights, Social Justice, & Politics

Education

Special Educational Opportunities Program (also known as Project 500)

The Special Educational Opportunities Program, commonly referred to as Project 500, was designed by the University of Illinois in 1968 to ensure equality of educational access and opportunities for all students, including those from underrepresented or disadvantaged communities. In 1967, fewer than 400 of the university’s approximately 30,400 students were Black. The program was the University’s response to demands from students and community residents, led by the Black Students Association and fueled by the community’s response to the assassination of the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., to recruit and enroll more Black students. The first Project 500 cohort in 1968 had 565 students, most of whom were Black, though some Hispanic and Native American students also enrolled in the program.

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